V. Foreign Terminology 2

If your text contains a lot of foreign terminology, you should make sure that it is not cluttered with too many inverted commas. Also, the flow will be affected if your readers have to constantly switch from one script to another. 

Best practice is to

a) use uppercase only for proper names; otherwise use lowercase 

b) highlight foreign words in italics (not "...")

c) transliterate foreign script (e.g., Arabic)

The example below both contain a lot of Arabic and Indonesian terminology and cited text. As you can see, the use of Arabic script does not aid the flow and is indeed completely unnecessary.

 [Original copy]

In addition, they also translate words that have no equivalent words and or words that have similar meanings in Banyumasan Javanese language –such as “Taqwa” and “Kafir”, which are translated in one sentence; the word "تتقون" (Q.2:21) is translated as "semarah maring gusti Allah" and the word "كفروا" (Q.2:6) translated by "wong-wong Kapir" using "P" typical of Banyumasan Javanese Language added with the word "mbangkang". Some other examples of translation on cultural terms is carried out on a fragment of verses which read "أزواaج مطهرة" (Q.2:25) translated "bojo-bojo sek thing-thing", "الصلاة" translated "sembahyang" and "الخاشعين" translated "wong-wong sing gentur" (Q.2:45).

Beside the sentence structure, which needs some rephrasing, I focused on removing the inverted commas, highlighting all foreign words in italics, and transliterating those terms presented in foreign Arabic script. 

[Edited copy]

For example, taqwa (piety) and kafir (disbeliever) is described in one sentence rather than translated verbatim; the verb form tattaqūn (in Q.2:21) is translated as semarah maring gusti Allah, and the verb form kafarū (in Q.2:6) is translated as wong-wong kapir (the use of the letter ‘P’ here is instead of ‘F’ is typical in Banyumasan) with the addition of mbangkang. Other examples of translated cultural terms carried out on certain verse fragments are azwāj muṭahhara (in Q.2:25) rendered as bojo-bojo sek thing-thing, al-ṣalāt translated as sembahyang, and al-khāshiʿūn as wong-wong sing gentur (in Q.2:45).

The edited text has a much better flow, and the foreign words or phrases appear more integrated and do no longer disrupt the reading.